This is the process whereby the artist collects and processes data, to then amalgamate it in to a diagram or graph that is easy and practical to read. It also involves any signage that conveys a message to the viewer, for instance a street sign. These signs take vital information and process them in to a simple statement obvious to the individual of its meaning.
When there is an abundant amount of data to be processed it can become chaotic for the individual or group to take in all that information. Through information and instructional design it takes that data to a level where it is simplistic to understand. It is particularly a great method for those who are visual learners.